History of Exxon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History of Exxon - Essay Example The Standard Oil Company in 1899 turned into the holding organization for all companies recorded under the trust, yet was structure by the U.S. Incomparable Court in 1911 to isolate from 33 American auxiliaries. In 1972, Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) changed its name to Exxon Corporation with different auxiliaries and associates, including Humble additionally embracing the name Exxon. Exxon had built up itself in each period of oil industry before converging with Mobil Company in 1999. Exxon managed in oil transport by means of pipelines and furthermore claims a biggest armada of big haulers according to its companions. Exxon Mobil Corporation comes next after BP as the world biggest incorporated oil firm. The organization runs oil and gas disclosure, creation, haulage just as promoting in more than 200 nations around the globe (ExxonMobil, n.d). The organization is likewise a significant player in assembling of petrochemicals (Rienstra, Linsley and Beaumont Chamber of Commerce, 2003). In 2014 quarter 4, Exxon Mobil recorded a higher lessening in complete income year on year by - 22.22 percent, which was quicker contrasted and its competitors’ generally speaking abatement of - 16.91 over a similar period. Exxon Mobil likewise recorded a net edge of 7.64 percent, along these lines accomplishing higher productivity contrasted with its rivals, including Royal Dutch Shell, BP, and Chevron (CSIMarket,

Kindergarten Education Act Essay Example for Free

Kindergarten Education Act Essay On January 20, 2012, Republic Act 10157 otherwise called Kindergar ten Education Act, was being affirmed. This Act is in connection with the Millennium Development Goals on accomplishing Education for All (EFA) continuously 2015. Wherein the strategy give an equivalent chances to all kids to benefit of open obligatory and mandatory kindergarten training that successfully advances the physical, social, scholarly, enthusiastic and aptitudes incitement and qualities arrangement to adequately set them up for formal rudimentary tutoring. It is essential at that point, for the youngsters that they will go through kindergarten, the principal phase of rudimentary training framework before going to Grade 1. It is likewise expressed in this Act the Mother tongue-based multilingual training (MTB-MLE) will be executed as the vehicle of guidance to kindergarten understudies. Response: Kindergarten before is fairly discretionary to obtain. Furthermore, not all have the benefit, the limit, the cash and the odds to take this developmental stage in training. With or without it, when a youngster arrives at the period of formal tutoring, he can begin his rudimentary training. The R.A.10157, Kindergarten Education Act, is a one decent accomplishment in overcoming any issues of proficiency and monetary soundness of our nation. In spite of the fact that it is very long path yet to see its adequacy however what is important is a stage forward has been made towards a superior future. With this Act, each offspring of our nation will have an equivalent option to be shaped during his developmental stage in life paying little heed to who or what he is in the general public. Kindergarten is of incredible guide in molding and building youthful ones a solid learning establishment in anticipation of their following stage to their proper training. With legitimate trainings and projects for instructors in sharpening their aptitudes in instructing, right methodologies, for example, utilizing the MTB-MLE, and systems and suitable learning devices, kindergarten understudies would be a lot of prepared to take the test of leveling up to the following stepping stool of their formal basic training. Being a language educator myself, I for one encountered and as yet encountering the impact of showing many, yet not all, new secondary school understudies with small basic instruction establishment. Regardless of how much educators will direct fingers toward who’s who is to be accused, it comes down to one factor lacking information establishment of understudies. With this R.A. 10157, I trust it is of incredible assistance in fixing the opening of the emergency. With a decent beginning having a solid establishment in instruction, the procedure would then proceed as they level up their insight and in the long run our nation will create progressively prepared, compelling and beneficial people of the general public. Proposal: Whatever approaches, projects and tasks of our legislature, for example, this R.A. 10157 on the off chance that it is firmly checked and managed appropriately by the worry organizations and individuals behind it, nothing will place into squander and that the shared objective will be achieved†¦to manufacture a more grounded and an increasingly gainful country.

10 Audiobooks for Podcast Listeners

10 Audiobooks for Podcast Listeners I wrote recently about the pros and cons of audiobooks vs. podcasts and what goes into the decision of how to spend my limited listening hours. As I get back into audiobooks after many months of podcasts only, Im realizing that Im drawn to a particular kind of audiobook: the kind that reminds me of a podcast. Theres a certain type of book that replicates some of what I like best about podcasts: its written in relatively self-contained chapters that I can listen to in short bursts. It contains a recognizable, original voice, often a humorous, entertaining one. Its chatty and topical, and it combines the personal and the social/political. It keeps me listening but without demanding intense and unceasing concentration. Now, there are many types of podcasts out there, and perhaps the kind you listen to isnt like the kind I listen to. But, still, it seems like certain kinds of memoirs and essay collections provide what some people look for in podcasts: entertainment, interesting voices and ideas, and a pleasant and productive way to spend time that otherwise might be devoted to spacing out. So if you are an avid podcast listener and want to give audiobooks a try, perhaps consider these. Bonus! Every one of these audiobooks is narrated by the author, so if you like to hear a writer reading their own work, you are in luck. Born a Crime: Stories From a South African Childhood, by Trevor Noah: Noah was born to a white father and a black mother in South Africa at a time when such relationships were punishable by prison. He describes this experience and much more in this collection of essays on growing up in a world where he wasnt supposed to exist. How To Be Black, by Baratunde Thurston: Like satire? If so, you will like this book, which contains chapters such as How to Be the Black Friend and How to Speak for All Black People. Its a funny and sharp look at race in America, and a great combination of memoir and cultural commentary. Im Judging You: The Do-Better Manual, by Luvvie Ajayi: Id call this book comedic self-help. Ajayi tells us exactly what she thinks about the world, other people, and herself, and how she thinks we can all do better. She covers silly topics and serious ones. She is always funny, and almost always right. I Was Told Thered Be Cake, by Sloane Crosley: Heres another collection of autobiographical essays that will make you laugh and wince a little bit in recognition. Crosley writes about her embarrassments and struggles with honesty and flair. The Misadventures of Awkward Black Girl, by Issa Rae: For all the introverted, awkward book nerds who read this site, this book is for you! Raes humorous essays explore what its like to be anxious and uncomfortable in a world that values coolness. Scrappy Little Nobody, by Anna Kendrick: Here youll find autobiographical essays that are funny and revealing, and that get you into the mind of a woman who started as a nobody and made it somewhere big. Shrill: Notes From a Loud Woman, by Lindy West: West is funny and moving both in this memoir/essay collection about her life in feminism. She writes about what being fat means in our culture, about women in comedy, about life for women on the internet, and more. Where Am I Now?: True Stories of Girlhood and Accidental Fame, by Mara Wilson:   Here youll find essays about Wilsons experiences as a child star and on through her adolescence and into her adulthood. Wilson’s writing is humorous and fun, as well as full of insight into what it means to be young and female. Year of Yes: How to Dance It Out, Stand in the Sun and Be Your Own Person, by Shonda Rhimes: Rhimes had been feeling dissatisfied and stuck and so she decided to spend one year saying yes to every opportunity that came her way. This book describes what happened when she faced her fears and met new challenges. It will make you laugh and leave you feeling inspired. You Cant Touch My Hair: And Other Things I Still Have to Explain, by Phoebe Robinson: This book wins as far as the title is concerned. And the rest of the book is excellent as well. Its an essay collection on race, gender, and culture, and it does an excellent job of being both very smart and serious and very funny. Sign up for Audiobooks to receive the latest from the audiobooks world. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

What Is A Family Essay - 760 Words

For most of us, the family is considered as a well-known and comfortable institution. The perfect model of the ‘ideal’ family is still mostly considered to be consisted from two different sexes’ parents, and one or more children. Until quite recently, the sociology of the family was mostly functionalist and just in the last few decades has been challenged from various directions. There are many different definitions about what the family is. Different theoretical positions influence these variations. For example, the functionalist sociologist George Peter Murdock defines the family as â€Å"a social group characterized by common residence, economic co-operation and reproduction. It includes adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain†¦show more content†¦An early functionalist George Murdock argued that the family plays the main role in the society by performing three main functions- ï  ¶ Stabilisation of the sexual behaviour and reproduction. ï  ¶ Providing the basic economic requirements. ï  ¶ Serving the function of socialisation of the next generation. G. Murdock claimed that without family serving these three functions the society would disappear. He considered these functions as universal, although he agreed that they could develop. Talcott Parsons argues this statement, by saying, that there are two broad functions of the family- primary socialisation and stabilisation of the adult personality ‘throughout the emotional security, including sexual expression, provided by marriage’ (ODonnell, 1997). In these days, when society is changing, the functionalistic statements lose their strength. For example, the sex outside the marriage, in these days of easily available contraception, is no more the taboo. Margaret Mead argues Murdock’s and Parsons imply that nuclear family is biologically necessary and natural. She stated that the nuclear family is based on culture, not biology. Marxist views on the family Marxists have very critical view of the family and society. They adopt a structural perspective, but put it in the class nature of the society. The starting point for the most Marxist analyses of gender and the family is Friedrich Engels’ (1820-1895) The Origin of theShow MoreRelatedWhat is a family?1206 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is a family? Most people get confused about the definition of family. A family is having a close relationship to a group of people and they do not have to be blood related. That group of people should share respect, love, and loyalty. Usually a family is consisting of a father, mother, and siblings. However, mine is grandparents, parents, and siblings. Families are important because they give love and security. For example, I always feel loved when I am with my family, and secured or protectedRead Morewhat is family1210 Words   |  5 Pages What is Family? Family has so many different meanings to every individual who has answers this question. Trying to find a general definition for this term is impossible. Everyone has a different concept of what a family is, what I would consider my family is far more stretch than a typical American family. Coming from a Latin culture my family’s considered grandparents, parents, aunts, uncles, friends and down to theRead MoreWhat Is A Family?1845 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is a Family? The basic social unit in a community is family; it contains parents and their children, considered as a group, whether residing together or not. A family may contain an husband, spouse, brother and sister, parent and son and daughter. In the extended families more members like grandparent, uncle, aunt, cousin, niece and nephew or sibling-in-law can be there. In the most societies the principal unit of socialization of children is a family. A family is a group of people which careRead MoreWhat Makes A Family?796 Words   |  4 PagesAs a leader, I have five core values that matter most to me; having a family, maintaining order(tranquility), meaningful work, growth, and truth. I strongly believe in each one of these components. Having a family is so important because they are a main support system. Family doesn’t have to be someone who is blood related. Family can be anyone who you feel means a lot to you and supports you. Maintaining order(tranquility) is important because in the work place, you need to have organization ofRead MoreWhat Is A Family? Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesThe family is far different from that of the past. It is rare to find a traditional family with a stay at home mom. Today, many children grow up in a single parent environment, with mothers who work most of the time to support them. Many children will also grow up without a father figure. In the article† Absent Fathers: Why Don’t We Ever Talk about the Unmarried Man?† Rebecca Blank states, â€Å"For every single mother, there is a father who is not living with his children. It seems that people haveRead MoreWhat Is A Family? Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesThe word â€Å"family† is unique, special, and controversial among different cultures and ethnicities. As defined by Random House Western Dictionary, a family is â€Å"any group of persons closely related by blood, as parents, children, uncles, aunts, and cousins† (Dictionary.com). Although the definition from Random House follows the infamous proverb of, â€Å"blood is thicker than water,† my definition of family does not. Family is not defined or restricted by blood relations. In my mind, a family is simplyRead MoreWhat Is Extended Family815 Words   |  4 PagesFamily a group consisting of one or two parents and their children: extended family noun 1. A family group that consists of parents, children, and other close relatives, generally, it’s A group of relatives, such as those of three generations often living in close geographic proximity rather than under the same roof. People living together as an extended family occasionally feel a greater security and belonging. This is an advantage of extended type of family because this family containsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article What Is A Family? 1711 Words   |  7 Pages ENG 201 Families are changing in various ways. In the articles â€Å"What is a Family?†, â€Å"Absent Fathers: Why Don’t We Ever Talk About Unmarried Men?†, â€Å"Cohabitation Instead of Marriage†, â€Å"Ballad of a Single Mother† and â€Å"Children of Gay Fathers†, they all share and show different ways families are like worldwide today. They speak about how they feel about there relationships with there family and children and who they are as a person. The new American family unit brings with it many strugglesRead MoreWhat Makes A Happy Family?1237 Words   |  5 Pages What Constitutes a Happy Family? Damaris Tirado Keiser University Abstract Many people have a concept of what a happy family is. A family can be composed of two, three or more members. Family constitutes the most fundamental part of communities. Conflicts, lack of communication are big stressors. There is no question that broken family ties deteriorates household relationships. Nonetheless, there are many families that are still strong and thriving. What is it that makes a household happyRead MoreWhat Is The Family And Childrens Agency1758 Words   |  8 PagesAgency Description The Family and Children’s Agency (FCA) has many locations all over Fairfield County. One local agency office is located at 9 Mott Avenue, Norwalk CT on the fourth floor. The FCA is an non-profit organization that provides child and family development counseling, behavioral health counseling, community connections, foster care, adoption services, and family support. Jennifer McBride is one of the many devoted employees who is a LCSW and works as a Behavioral Health Clinical supervisor

The Legal Drinking Age Should Be Legal Essay - 1215 Words

People drink liquor for various reasons; anxiety, celebration, insomnia etc. Teenagers fall under the category of â€Å"people†. The legal drinking age presently is twenty-one in the United States Of America. I can guarantee you that the underage drinking age rate would drop if the age were brought down. One of the reasons behind drinking is enjoyment but the primary purpose behind underage drinking is â€Å"breaking the law†. The law says an eighteen – year old is mature enough to make his/her life decisions, yet not ready to drink liquor. In the United States there are different rules for various ages, however when a person turns 18 they tend to move out of their parents and start to begin their own life with their friends. Eighteen year olds have the privilege to vote, get married, and serve in the military, and those even younger than eighteen can drive and become parents. Therefore, it appears to be odd and contradictory for them to not be able to purchase a lcohol. We as a whole know why teenagers usually drink. Simply the vibe that they get of breaking the law is huge. Being rebellious and not following the principles is an essential part of a teenager. Regardless of the fact that it is illegal for teens to purchase alcoholic beverages, they are still able to get it through their parent’s cupboards, or from their senior friends who purchase it for them. We as a whole observe, that is not hard for teens to get liquor. Why not bring down the drinking age then?Show MoreRelatedThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Legal1956 Words   |  8 PagesDrugs, on the other hand, were legal all the way up until 1914, where the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act took place. The Harrison Act basically put a tax on drugs and made it only so that people with sincere medical issues could use certain drugs, eventually banning all non-medical drug use. In 2014, studies have shown that 83.4% of adults age 18-25 have consumed alcohol and about 57.9% have consume d illegal drugs in their entire lifetime. Considering that the legal drinking age is currently 21 and that drugsRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Be Legal974 Words   |  4 PagesThe Drinking Age For many reasons, the drinking age has been set at twenty-one years old, but has the time come to lower the drinking age? Many argue that the drinking age needs to be lowered back to eighteen for many reasons; however, studies and statistics show that lowering the drinking age is harmful and even deadly. Some people believe that binge drinking can be solved by lowering the drinking age, but lowering the drinking age is not the solution to binge drinking. Many teenagers spend theirRead MoreShould The Legal Drinking Age?2485 Words   |  10 Pagesmay agree with the laws, and others will violate them. While many have argued that the U.S should lower its legal drinking age, like other European countries, I believe that young adolescents are not cognitively capable of making good choices. A lower drinking age will result in more deaths. Teenagers are already having problems with alcohol. Among many perspectives, teenager’s view of drinking at a young age is really important. Pa rents play a big role in understanding their teenagers. Their opinionRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered955 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States of America, the National Government requires the states to enforce a legal drinking age of twenty-one. Where as the world average drinking age is eighteen, and in some Countries it is even lower where it is possible to get a beer at sixteen years of age. Taking that into consideration, there is a great deal of controversy in the United States on what the legal age should be to purchase and consume an alcoholic beverage. The largest issue being that you are considered to be anRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1553 Words   |  7 Pagesold male who lives in Oregon. To celebrate his 18th birthday, he decided to go out with some friends and have a few drinks. He knows that the legal drinking age is 21, but he thinks what is the harm? I am 18 and in other countries, you are allowed to drink before you turn 21. Later that night as John gets in the car with his friends after a few hours of drinking, everything seems to be going well as they are driving down the freeway on their way over to his friend Dan’s house that is just a few milesRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1170 Words   |  5 PagesFor a majority of the 20th century, the United States drinking age has been a big issue. After prohibition had concluded in 1933, twenty- one was the new legal drinking age. Meanwhile, during the Vietnam War, eighteen became the new legal drinking age. Finally in 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (MLDA). Since then, twenty-one years old has been the legal age to drink in the United States. There are several ways alcohol has been a reason for death such as, alcohol poisoningRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered973 Words   |  4 Pages The Legal Age for Drinking Alcohol Should Not Be Lowered To 18 In the United States. Every state has the right to set its own legal drinking age. However, according to George Will in an article he wrote in the Washington Post about the legal drinking age, â€Å"drinking age paradox† â€Å"lowering the drinking age will cost the state ten percent of its federal highway funds and cause a significant uproar from contractors and construction unions.† It is therefore in the best interest of every citizenRead MoreLegal Drinking Age : Should It Be Altered?1408 Words   |  6 Pages Legal Drinking Age: Should It Be Altered? The legal drinking age has been an ongoing controversy for decades, consisting of people who are for lowering, raising, or keeping the age with multiple reasons behind each side. It is commonly known that consuming alcohol can have life-threatening effects on the human body, but these effects can be much harsher at a younger age. Reducing the age for eighteen year olds may result in senseless acts from the drug. Statistics prove that maintainingRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Abolished893 Words   |  4 Pages Legal at Eighteen Currently in the United States the legal age to drink alcohol is twenty-one years old. Before the 1980s, the legal drinking age was eighteen years old. In 1980, the drinking age was changed to twenty-one to diminish the number of traffic deaths caused by young drunk drivers. Changing the drinking age to twenty-one has not reduced drinking, it only made teens drink in unsafe and illegal environments. The drinking age should be changed to eighteen, because eighteen year oldsRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of the word adult is: â€Å"a person who has attained the age of maturity as specified by law†(Dictionary.com). If this is so, then why is it that in the United States 18 year olds are legally considered adults in our society, but they can’t legally buy or consume alcohol? Yet at this age they are able to vote in an election, get married, serve on a jury, live on their own, purchase cigarettes, adopt a child, and defend our country. These are not easy tasks for one to take on, yet our government

Organizational Development Final Project Free Essays

In preparing his paper, you will examine how the theories and models presented In this course, as well as In the literature, can be utilized to support and facilitate a planned change effort. Your focus can be within a particular organizational setting of your choice, or an industry, or a type of organizations in general (for example, non-profit, civic, for- profit). The focus could be on a specific organizational change, for example, enhancing creativity and innovation. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Development Final Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now The action plan should be written as a serious proposal to executive management about a specific planned change effort. Discuss the following elements in your proposal. As you will see, you will need to have a working knowledge of this challenge, either from literature or company documents or your own observations. 2 Introduction. Brief description of the current organizational challenge. This proposal is from your perspective, as you have not yet engaged others in this process. That said, describe the challenge from your perspective and describe your role as related to the challenge. Current State. Description of current state to Include: o What has been done to correct or address the challenge? O What is the urgency to meet this challenge? O What are the consequences of not changing? Desired Future State. Description of the desired state you wish to see in terms of this current challenge to include the following elements. Keep in mind that this is still from your perspective, as you have not yet engaged others in the DO process. Please note that if you have engaged others in this discussion, such as the manager of the department, address that in the paper. O What is the ideal state of the organization in terms of this current challenge? O What behaviors will organizational members demonstrate? O What behaviors will organizational leaders demonstrate? O What will the â€Å"changed organization† feel like (culture)? What value will this planned change effort add to the organization? Action Plan. Steps you (and others) will take to make the desired state a reality. O Change Team: Who needs to be involved in this process to ensure its success? O Brief discussion of alignment of this proposed change with organization development values and assumptions. O Describe an overall approach (strategy) for creating and implementing the change, such as Action Research, Organization Change Process. O Describe a minimum of three methods or tools you will use to assess and facilitate this planned change effort (embedded within your strategy). Describe challenges and barriers you anticipate and how you will address them. This could include organizational readiness for change, expected resistance to change, organizational leadership. Benefits. Description of benefits of this proposal. O List 3 – 5 specific results you expect from successful implementation of the plan. Option 1 for Signature Assignment 61 5 Organization Development and Change Master Syllabus rev 01 . 13. 12 page 7 o Link back to consequences of not changing. O Describe success measures that will be used (evaluation). First Step. Summarize with one specific first step. You will draw from multiple sources (minimum 5) including Journal articles, books, and professional references such as associations and websites (this will help place your proposal within the framework of what others have done to address the challenge. ) You may also draw from class discussions and activities, as well as your own experience within organizational settings. Look for ways to integrate organization development with other leadership theories and concepts discussed in organizational leadership (drawing from other OLL, HRS, HA courses and/or 613 Dynamics of Organization Behavior). Page 8 How to cite Organizational Development Final Project, Papers

Managing Innovations in Organization for Nokia and Ericsson

Question: Discuss about theManaging Innovations in Organization for Nokia and Ericsson. Answer: Introduction Innovation is considered as an important aspect for the organization because it enhances the productivity of the employee in an efficient manner. Technological innovation will be discussed in this assignment. The specific type of innovation related to technological innovation will be mentioned in this assignment which will show the impact of it on various organizations. Innovation has the number of components such as challenge, deliberation, culture, customer focus and completion (Biemans, 2018). The milestones of the specific innovation will be elaborated to understand the importance of technological innovation on various organizations. Technological innovation Technological innovation is advantageous for many organizations as it assist to make work easy and fast. There are various technological innovations done in the world (Parhankangas Ehrlich, 2014). Mobile Commerce is one of them which bring the huge change in the world. M-commerce is assisted to buy and sell of goods and services by wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephone and personal digital assistance. M-commerce is the technological innovation which enables number of users to access the internet without plugging the device. In order to develop the m-commerce market potential, there are various handset manufactures like Motorola, Nokia and Ericsson with carriers (Digital, 2017). Major subtypes of innovation The major subtypes of this innovation are defined below: Online mobile shopping By taking help of internet based applications, a user can compare various online websites of shopping or can purchase online things. Online mobile shopping facilitates people to find out what they want and order without going outside from their home. It is being done with the help of internet (Cowhey Aronson, 2012). It has various benefits as it enables people to send gift without moving at lower to higher price. The market place on the internet makes easier to purchase or sell the products at affordable rate. Mobile banking Mobile banking is the service that allows customers of banks or financial institutions to make payment or invest remotely by using the mobile device. It is being done with the help of respective cards which is issued by bank (Koellinger, 2008). This card contains a unique card number or CVV number which is necessary to make payment. Mobile e-wallet Mobile e-wallet is the online pocket service where an individual can keep money by withdrawing from his account with the help of respective debt card. It has been found that there are various e-wallet applications have launched which provide the service to keep the money safe in mobile. The major feature of this subtype is easy accessibility; ensure timely payments and quick transfer of funds (Chen Huang, 2009). Mobile POS Mobile POS is also known as the point of sale which is the latest trend. It is specialized in card swiping machines; it provides the convenience to utilize the mobile device to collect payment from the credit card. There are number of organization that uses this technology to get payment from the customers. It helps government as well to protect the paper as numbers of people have started the use of e-money to make payments. Important milestones The important milestones of this specific technological innovation are described below: The World Wide Web The first web browser and server were created in 1990 when business to customer services was not lucrative industry in commercial terms. After few years, it has been evaluated that millions of domains were registered under this term and numerous business had online appearance. Online bookstore was founded at Amazon in 1995. This company was first company that provided online transaction (Augment, 2016). Payment Gateways Payment gateways link the website of the merchant to the bank. It can be used by putting the details of the card and checking out, the data is encrypted and assembled and sent to the browser of the merchant. The collected data by payment gateways is sent to the bank processer of payments, where the payment is either acknowledged or rejected (Walker, Damanpour Devece, 2010). In case of acknowledgment, the money is deducted from the customer account and transfer into merchants bank account. Online Reviews It has been found that in 1999; three review websites were emerged that was Deja.com, RateItAll.com and Epinions.com. It was done first time at the internet where customers were asked to rate and review the products. More than a billion reviews were written within 6 months of mentioned year. In todays era, business invites users to provide reviews about the products. Today, the powers of reviews are strong as it can make or break the product. The Popularity of Smartphone It has been found that in 2007, Apple launched iphone through which the user can download the application for online shopping from IOS store. It allows small entrepreneur and businessman to reach customers outside of the country. A cheap smart phone with depth internet penetration has permitted businesses to reach to entire new audiences (Raisch Birkinshaw, 2008). Augmented Reality Augmented reality is the latest innovation to bless the new generation. It provides the natural views of the services and products to the users which help them to buy the things after considering the look, pros and cons of that particular product. Complex augmented reality technology is advanced technology that provides latest services such as interact with the visuals in different or innovative terms by mobile devices (Miller Morris, 2008). This technology at store can show the customers how product will look when assembled. Impact of innovation organization management approach The organization management approach has affected due to the latest technological innovation because it brings the changes in every activities of the business (Goetsch Davis, 2014). There are various organizations that has influenced due to mobile commerce. Uber is the great example of mobile commerce that shows that people can book a taxi by putting information of destination on application with the like of the button. Uber get benefitted with the help of this innovation as it employs so many people for providing the better services to its customer. Organization can get more advanced in term of technology and provide the efficient services to the customer which enhance the growth of the business (Von Stamm, 2008). It has been analyzed that the growth of m-commerce is hugely dependent on the trustable mobile payment systems. It is the powerful way to reach the customers that is why Starbucks can reach at high position as it adopts a mobile commerce. The transactions at starbucks are mostly done via online and it has been found that in 2013, 10% of entire transactions were happening via mobile banking. There is another example of adoption of M-commerce is Amazon which is one of the largest commerce players in the world. It has developed its strategy by providing the various kinds of products and services to the customer in which it offers them to make payment online. M-commerce is considered as the emerging area of research. The applications of m-commerce are increased the business of the organization as customer can get various products and services of specific organization by using the application of the organization (Strout, 2016). Recommendations Technological innovation is an effective innovation which enhances the productivity of the employee which increases the growth of the company. M-commerce enables people to make payment online without moving from their place as it has given facilities to them for online shopping, banking and many more which shows that technology can change the daily life of the human, however, M-commerce brings the huge changes in the living standards of the people but there are some recommendations which can increase more comfort ability of them (Faqih Jaradat, 2015). It has been recommended to the Amazon that includes the system of e-wallet where customers can transfer the money and keep the money for online shopping to their relatives or known one. As it has been discussed in the example of Starbucks that it has adopted the latest technology of m-commerce that provide outcomes of number of transaction via mobile. It can be developed more customers if Starbucks start to provide the online offer or cash back facilities via mobile commerce. It will helpful for the organization to increase the attention of the customers towards the services of the business (Choi, Poon Davis, 2008). Uber is the big company that provides numerous facilities to its customer in relation of booking taxi for reaching the destination. The contribution of M-commerce can be done in effective way if Uber start to allow the mobile POS facility to the customer. Customer should be allowed to make payment via their card. It would be great innovation which helps company to increase the ratio of the customers effectively. Innovation should be done in effective manner by adapting the latest trend of the market. References Augment, 2016. The Biggest Milestones of Ecommerce History. Retrieved from: https://www.augment.com/blog/biggest-milestones-ecommerce-history/. Biemans, W. 2018.Managing innovation within networks. Routledge. Chen, C. J., Huang, J. W. 2009. Strategic human resource practices and innovation performanceThe mediating role of knowledge management capacity.Journal of business research,62(1), 104-114. Choi, B., Poon, S. K., Davis, J. G. 2008. Effects of knowledge management strategy on organizational performance: A complementarity theory-based approach.Omega,36(2), 235-251. Cowhey, P. F., Aronson, J. D. 2012. Transforming global information and communication markets: The political economy of innovation.MIT Press Books,1. Digital, 2017. What is m-commerce and what are its types?. Retrieved from: https://www.digitalabhiyan.com/web-designing/m-commerce/. Faqih, K. M., Jaradat, M. I. R. M. 2015. Assessing the moderating effect of gender differences and individualism-collectivism at individual-level on the adoption of mobile commerce technology: TAM3 perspective.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,22, 37-52. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. 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